Syphilis among pregnant women in Northeast Brazil from 2008 to 2015: a trend analysis according to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The number of syphilis cases among pregnant women in Brazil has increased. This study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of syphilis indicators among pregnant women in Northeast Brazil. METHODS: A time-series study was performed. RESULTS: We observed an increase in the detection rate of syphilis among pregnant women, those aged 15-19 years, and those of brown ethnicity. A strong correlation was observed between the detection rate of syphilis and family health strategy coverage. CONCLUSIONS: Despite an increase in primary care coverage, The increase in cases of syphilis among pregnant women is still considered a challenge.

Ankle-brachial Index and associated factors in individuals with coronary artery disease

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Analyzing the association between ABI and the main risk factors for coronary artery disease in coronary patients. METHODS Were selected 156 adult patients from a hospital in Maceió, Alagoas. Were evaluated with risk factors age, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and dyslipidemia. PAOD screening was performed by the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used. Confidence Interval of 95% and a significance of 5%. RESULTS 67.3% (n=105) males, 52.6% (n=82) elderly, 23.1% (n = 34) obese, 72.4% 6% (n=113) hypertensive, 34.6% (n=54) diabetics, 53.2% (n=83) smokers, 34.6% (n=54) dyslipidemic and 70.5% (n=110) with a family history of CAD. 16.7% (n=26) of the individuals presented PAOD. Three factors were associated with PAOD: age group ≥ 60 years (OR:3.656; p=0.005), diabetes mellitus (OR:2.625; p=0.024) and hypertension (OR:5.528; p=0.008). No significant difference was observed in the variables smoking, dyslipidemia, family history of CAD, and obesity. CONCLUSION The independent risk factors for PAOD were age, diabetes mellitus, and systemic arterial hypertension.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar a associação entre o ITB e os principais fatores de risco para doença arterial coronariana em indivíduos coronariopatas. MÉTODOS Foram selecionados 156 pacientes adultos de um hospital de Maceió, Alagoas. Foram avaliados como fatores de risco idade, obesidade, hipertensão, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo e dislipidemia. A triagem da DAOP foi realizada pelo índice tornozelo-braquial (ITB). Foram utilizados os testes de Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher. Intervalo de Confiança de 95% e significância de 5%. RESULTADOS 67,3% (n=105) do sexo masculino, 52,6% (n=82) idosos, 23,1% (n=34) obesos, 72,4% (n=113) hipertensos, 34,6% (n=54) diabéticos, 53,2% (n=83) tabagistas, 34,6% (n=54) dislipidêmicos e 70,5% (n=110) com história familiar de DAC; 16,7% (n=26) dos indivíduos apresentaram DAOP. Três fatores foram associados à DAOP: faixa etária ≥60 anos (OR:3,656; p=0,005), diabetes mellitus (OR:2,625; p=0,024) e (OR:5,528; p=0,008). Não foi observada diferença significativa nas variáveis tabagismo, dislipidemia, história familiar de DAC e obesidade. CONCLUSÃO Os fatores de risco independentes para DAOP foram idade, diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial sistêmica.